TMJ Headaches
Tension Headaches
Many TMJ sufferers will complain of headache. The jaw muscles and in particular the temporal muscle is implicated. The temporal muscle is called the temporalis and extends from the temporal region of the skull to the lower jaw. If a patient clenches or grinds aggressively, an overactive temporalis muscle may give rise to pain and tension particularly in the temples but this headache can also radiate locally. These ‘tension headaches’, also called ‘muscle contraction’ headaches give rise to a sensation akin to the heads been held in a ‘vice-like grip’. Patients will often complain of a dull, achy, throbbing headache. It can present on waking in the morning (due to excessive night time grinding), or indeed the headache may increase as the day progresses (due to daytime clenching). Some patients may also have localised jaw tenderness. The treatment is aimed at reducing the clenching and grinding activity.
Migrane Headaches
Migraine headaches will often radiate to the face, jaw and even the teeth. There is a higher incidence in females. These headaches are characterised by hypersensitivity to light, sound and odours. Generally these patients will go to a quiet dark room and prefer to sleep. The headache can last for hours to 3 days in duration. There may be associated nausea and even vomiting.
Cluster Headaches
Cluster headaches commonly affect middle aged males. The pain is severe and the patient will often become extremely agitated and distressed. It may abruptly wake the patient from his/her sleep. It is often associated with clinical features such as excessive tearing from the eyes, a runny nose, a drooping eyelid or changes associated with the pupil.
